Synthesis
Insect pheromones are a class of chemicals secreted by the glands of insects, which has been widely used in agriculture and forestry. When an insect pheromone comes into the practical stage, it is necessary to synthesize enough high-quality and inexpensive products for popularization and application. Chemical synthesis of insect pheromones is an important step in the study of insect pheromones, which can provide standard compounds for structural identification and test samples for indoor and outdoor bioactivity determination. Most of the identified and synthesized insect pheromones are long-chain unsaturated alcohols, acetate vinegars, aldehydes or ketones, with chain lengths ranging from 10 to 20 carbons. In addition to double bonds, most insect pheromones have a functional group at one end of the chain. With the improvement of synthetic technology, more and more kinds of insect pheromones can be synthesized and play an increasingly important role in pest control and other fields.
Classification:
Chemical synthesis of insect pheromones is a very complex process, which usually involves many synthesis steps. Some basic methods are often used in the design of synthetic routes, which can be classified as solution synthesis and solid-phase synthesis.
- Solution synthesis: The solution synthesis includes alkyne routes, Wittig condensation reactions, reactions of organometallic reagents, etc.
- Solid-phase synthesis: The solid-phase synthesis includes Grignard coupling reactions, alkyne coupling reactions, Wittig reactions with polymeric reagents, etc.
Among these synthetic methods of pheromones, the most common method is solid-phase synthesis. It plays an important role in the synthesis of insect sex pheromones because of its various advantages. Please click here for details on solid-phase synthesis of insect pheromones, such as reaction reagents, reaction types and reaction advantages !
Applications:
At present, the most widely used synthetic pheromone is sex pheromone, which has been widely used in the field of pest control.
- Pest control of fruit trees: Synthetic pheromone can be used in the field of pest control of fruit trees. They have been effective in the prevention and control of pear small foody worm, peach small foody worm, peach borer, apple small cirrus moth, apple moth, golden moth, jujube sticky worm and others.
- Forest pest control: Forest pest control is another important application field of synthetic pheromones. They can effectively eliminate and kill the pine caterpillar, poplar wing moth, frog of black tree, mongoloid moth and others.
- Others: In addition to the above fields, synthetic pheromones have important applications in the control of grain and cotton pests and sugarcane pests, including yellow moth, budworm and others.